I agree. I've had this on behaviour on two older tractors- every time it's a corroded cable, usually the earth connection to the chassis. If your new battery starts "playing up" in a couple of months, check the cables/connections first. A new battery may have enough "oomph" to get through old weary cables for a while.If I’m reading it correctly you are still not eliminating the earth lead connection to tractor chassi. Where it bolts to the tractor. That’s where the jumplead from a bolt head to the connected battery comes in.
I'd bet your old battery will start the tractor if you wire it (with jumpers) directly to the starter, bypassing the existing cables