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Close Bred Hereford 'Pedigree' Bull.
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<blockquote data-quote="Cowgirl" data-source="post: 7856696" data-attributes="member: 3213"><p>In-breeding / line breeding is widely carried out in large scale commercial breeding, especially in strains of pigs and poultry, because it is the fastest way to produce a strain of animal that contains the most advantageous genetics and to rapidly identify which animals carry deleterious genes so that they can be eliminated.</p><p>Cattle breeding though is not an experimental animal breeding system as they only have one or at most two offspring and the dangers of producing a calf with lethal genes could outweigh the benefits. In the OP’s case this was highly likely to have been an accident rather than deliberate but, as has been said, the problem was more the attitude of the breeder not disclosing the fact. However there is another issue that needs to be borne in mind, particularly with Herefords. I shall assume that this was a modern Hereford, not a Traditional Hereford.</p><p>There are at least 5 inherited diseases in the modern (ie North American Derived) Herefords. Two are deemed non - lethal. Diluter (autosomal dominant), most likely from introgression of the breed with Simmental or other continental, only affects calf colour. Hypotrichosis is an autosomal recessive (though there may be another variant linked with diluter), which causes a thin coated, poor doing calf but is only lethal in extreme climates, not in UK. This is the only genetic test now required by the Hereford Cattle Society. It does occur in Traditional Herefords also as it is a very old gene, dating back probably to the 1920s. The other three diseases however are recessive, lethal and currently not tested for, as the HCS appears to believe they are not in UK. However they may well be as they may not be identified in a dead calf. These are epilepsy, maple syrup urine disease and mandibulofacial dysostosis. Epilepsy appears to be a mutation from the 80s in America and is unlikely to be an issue here, although the original affected animals are not identified as carriers on the UK database. The latter two recessives have been recognised as a problem in Herefords relatively recently and new carriers are being identified all the time (although MSUD was recognised in Australia in polled shorthorns a long time ago.) MD in North America now has over 2000 carriers identified only in the last couple of years and involves very popular mainly polled bloodlines. Therefore in my opinion the risk of inbreeding in modern polled Herefords is possibly quite high right now and is why I wouldn’t recommend it. Of course it wouldn’t affect a crossbred calf, but if an unsuspecting owner kept offspring and mated them, it may turn up in subsequent generation. These are not present in Traditional Herefords.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Cowgirl, post: 7856696, member: 3213"] In-breeding / line breeding is widely carried out in large scale commercial breeding, especially in strains of pigs and poultry, because it is the fastest way to produce a strain of animal that contains the most advantageous genetics and to rapidly identify which animals carry deleterious genes so that they can be eliminated. Cattle breeding though is not an experimental animal breeding system as they only have one or at most two offspring and the dangers of producing a calf with lethal genes could outweigh the benefits. In the OP’s case this was highly likely to have been an accident rather than deliberate but, as has been said, the problem was more the attitude of the breeder not disclosing the fact. However there is another issue that needs to be borne in mind, particularly with Herefords. I shall assume that this was a modern Hereford, not a Traditional Hereford. There are at least 5 inherited diseases in the modern (ie North American Derived) Herefords. Two are deemed non - lethal. Diluter (autosomal dominant), most likely from introgression of the breed with Simmental or other continental, only affects calf colour. Hypotrichosis is an autosomal recessive (though there may be another variant linked with diluter), which causes a thin coated, poor doing calf but is only lethal in extreme climates, not in UK. This is the only genetic test now required by the Hereford Cattle Society. It does occur in Traditional Herefords also as it is a very old gene, dating back probably to the 1920s. The other three diseases however are recessive, lethal and currently not tested for, as the HCS appears to believe they are not in UK. However they may well be as they may not be identified in a dead calf. These are epilepsy, maple syrup urine disease and mandibulofacial dysostosis. Epilepsy appears to be a mutation from the 80s in America and is unlikely to be an issue here, although the original affected animals are not identified as carriers on the UK database. The latter two recessives have been recognised as a problem in Herefords relatively recently and new carriers are being identified all the time (although MSUD was recognised in Australia in polled shorthorns a long time ago.) MD in North America now has over 2000 carriers identified only in the last couple of years and involves very popular mainly polled bloodlines. Therefore in my opinion the risk of inbreeding in modern polled Herefords is possibly quite high right now and is why I wouldn’t recommend it. Of course it wouldn’t affect a crossbred calf, but if an unsuspecting owner kept offspring and mated them, it may turn up in subsequent generation. These are not present in Traditional Herefords. [/QUOTE]
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