The true cost of ketosis lies in effect on cow health

The true cost of ketosis lies in effect on cow health

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Kate Heller MRCVS Elanco Ruminant Technical Consultant and Dairy Farmer

Approximately 75% of disease in dairy cows typically happens in the first month after calving (Ref 1), with around half of dairy cows experiencing some sort of disease during the transition period (Ref 2). One of the diseases which contributes to these figures is ketosis, both as clinical disease and as a gateway for other secondary diseases when in its subclinical form (SCK).

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Subclinical ketosis is a gateway disease and increases the likelihood of many other diseases as seen in the table below. The increased incidence associated with these diseases will increase use of therapeutic antibiotics with higher rates of SCK (Ref 3 and 6).

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The headline figure for the cost of a case of ketosis is £220 (Ref 4) from losses in health, production and fertility. As can be seen in the figure below there is a variety of contributing factors that make this cost of ketosis, they are due to increased risk of disease as a consequence of sub-clinical/hidden ketosis.

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Fig. 1. The relative importance of each contributor to the total costs of SCK for scenario BASE, 305-d milk production of 10,000 kg and margin over feeding costs of 120€ per ton (Total SCK costs = €257).

1;122(4):417-25


Improving transition management and minimising the effect of immune suppression, hypocalcemia and negative energy balance provides a large opportunity to decrease disease and increase the welfare and productivity of the herd.

For more information about reducing ketosis in high-risk animals using a Kexxtone bolus 3-4 weeks pre-calving, visit www.farmanimalhealth.co.uk or talk to your Elanco representative.

References

  1. Major Advances in Disease Prevention in Dairy Cattle, S J LeBlanc, K D Lissemore, D F Kelton, T F Duffield, K E Leslie. American Dairy Science Association 2006.
  2. LeBlanc, S., 2010. Monitoring metabolic health of dairy cattle in the transition period. Journal of Reproduction and Development 56 (Suppl), S29–S35.
  3. Santos et al, Proc. 2013 Dairy Cattle Reproduction Council Conference, Indianapolis, IN, p 32-48
  4. Raboisson et al (2015). The economic impact of sck at the farm level: Tackling the challenge of over-estimation due to multiple interactions. Prev Vet Med 1;122(4):417-25
  5. Diseases, reproductive performance, and changes in milk production associated with subclinical ketosis in dairy cows: A meta-analysis and review 2014 D. Raboisson ,*†‡1 M. Mounié ,‡ and E. Maigné ‡ J. Dairy Sci. 97 :7547–7563 http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2014-8237
  6. Impact of subclinical metabolic disease on risk of early lactation culling, Duffield T; LeBlanc S; Leslie K, 2005, J. Dairy Sci. 88 (Suppl. 1)
  7. Duffield, T. F., K. D. Lissemore, B. W. McBride, and K. E. Leslie. 2009. Impact of hyperketonemia in early lactation dairy cows on health and production. J. Dairy Sci. 92:571–580.
  8. Dohoo, I. R., and S. W. Martin. 1984. Subclinical ketosis: Prevalence and associations with production and disease. Can. J. Comp.Med. 48:1–5.
  9. LeBlanc, S. J., K. E. Leslie, and T. F. Duffield. 2005. Metabolic predictors of displaced abomasum in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 88:159–170.
  10. Leblanc 2004, J. Dairy Sci. 87:609–619 Peripartum serum vitamin E, retinol, and beta-carotene in dairy cattle and their associations with disease. LeBlanc, S J; Herdt, T H; Seymour, W M; Duffield, T F; Leslie, K E

Kexxtone™ is a veterinary medicine authorized to reduce the incidence of ketosis in periparturient dairy cows and heifers which are expected to develop ketosis. Kexxtone™ is not authorized for the treatment of any other transition disorder.
Kexxtone contains Monensin. Legal category POM-V in UK, POM in IE. For further information call Elanco
Animal Health on 00 (44) 1256 353121 or write to Elanco Animal Health, Lilly House, Priestly Road,
Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 9NL. Elanco, Kexxtone and the Diagonal Bar are trademarks of Elanco or its affiliates. Advice should be sought from the prescriber prior to use. Further information is available from the Summary of Product Characteristics. Use medicines responsibly www.noah.co.uk/responsible. www.apha.ie © 2020, Elanco or its affiliates. PM-IE-20-0171 Date of Preparation: May 2020
 
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