"Improving Our Lot" - Planned Holistic Grazing, for starters..

Kiwi Pete

Member
Livestock Farmer
I've just done permanent fencing with it, in an effort to get away from too many temporary fences. So far I'm really impressed with the kiwi tech fences. The springs and the flex in them increases thier stock proofness under pressure.
That's exactly our aim, too.
Even with little 5-6 acre paddocks, it still takes a few minutes to put up a 120 metre break fence. But it brings visible results!
So I'm thinking that if we turn those 120 metre fences into 30 metre ones, alot more will be done, and a lot better results will come from that.

Even if it's just a two-wire fence, I've discovered that my stock don't push as long as we're feeding them right - I had no power on them for 3 weeks and had no escapees other than the odd lamb, if I was late moving them (and they broke back, not forward).

How does it go for cost? Fairly cheap?
I need to balance it against buying more temporary gear and just leaving it set up.
 
That's exactly our aim, too.
Even with little 5-6 acre paddocks, it still takes a few minutes to put up a 120 metre break fence. But it brings visible results!
So I'm thinking that if we turn those 120 metre fences into 30 metre ones, alot more will be done, and a lot better results will come from that.

Even if it's just a two-wire fence, I've discovered that my stock don't push as long as we're feeding them right - I had no power on them for 3 weeks and had no escapees other than the odd lamb, if I was late moving them (and they broke back, not forward).

How does it go for cost? Fairly cheap?
I need to balance it against buying more temporary gear and just leaving it set up.
I'll have to double check firgures but i bought enough arrow posts and associated gear for 5.5km of fencing, including 39 intergates and 5 troughs for less than $9k.
Over and above that was wooden posts for ends and corners and water pipes.
 

Kiwi Pete

Member
Livestock Farmer
I finally caught up with my livestock agent today.
All bulls over 420kg LWT and all lambs over 40kg are away in the coming week, plus a couple of scraggy hereford heifers and a line of red friesian bull calves.

So that will soon mean we have some good covers to do things with - like get some calves to carry through the winter, and some store lambs (y)
It'll also mean the farm account is healthier, and we can manage our mid-term cashflow rather than putting some things on hold until late autumn.
 

Crofter64

Member
Livestock Farmer
Location
Quebec, Canada
There are definitely some obstacles there.
Some here, too, many of them I put in the way... such as hanging onto stock too long.

Is there much avenue for stock trading, just using them short-term? They may not require nearly as much infrastructure, especially over summer. Store lambs are what we use for that.
There could be an argument against rotating stock too much. Isn’t the threat of disease or parasites making their way onto your place increased? Perhaps there’s less profit in keeping animals longer but also less risk. The longterm animals also get the routine and are trained to your methods. Each new bunch needs to learn the ropes , and adjust socially, digestively, etc.,
 

Henarar

Member
Livestock Farmer
Location
Somerset
If you can glean something useful from my ramblings then that's something @Kiwi Pete .Still learning here but I think our approach has become more holistic over the last 5 years. We have gone from all arable and just combinable crops to 50% grass and reintroduced sheep sometime ago, cattle more recently. We have halved our ammonium nitrate usage as clover is now our nitrogen source on half the farm. Since doing our own agronomy we don't reach for the chemicals everytime there is a perceived problem and gradually pest/predators seem to be rebalancing.

Happy to report that in the year to March 18 we made the highest profit we have made for 10 years yet turnover is 30% down. With the old system, ( the busted flush) we were spending a lot and working hard and we had a big gross income but a low profit due to high costs. We were buying output, not generating it.

We "recycle" a lot more of the arable byproducts such as straw and beet tops through the livestock and have a much more varied rotation which reduces the establishment of difficult weeds such as brome and black-grass. Field getting bad for brome? No problem. Direct drill stubble turnips, graze it over winter and then direct drill barley late in the spring sorts it out, whereas before would have ploughed and / or thrown chemical at it, less and less successfully.

We sometimes grow Lupins for a protein source helping reduce reliance on imported soya and also providing us with another nitrogen fixing break crop.

Also pays to look at local history. There was a reason this farm had a big cattle yard and the land to the west of us was one huge block of grazing common land. It is fragile sandy Heath and best use for it. Trying to make it fit continuous combinable cropping regime was never going to be sustainable yet some folk won't stop pushing that model until they've spent their last penny running organic matter down to nothing and spent all day in a sprayer cab like its some kind of crop life support machine.

Look to history also for livestock shed design. The old system (pre antibiotics) had sheds round a central open yard. The open sides of the sheds faced the yard. The closed sides of the sheds were the outer walls so there was shelter but ventilation and sunlight as the beast could walk out into the open yard. Pneumonia was rarely a problem. Then they started constructing sheds based on industrial portal frame design with no open yard and poor air flow. Respiratory disease became an issue. No surprises there, but then antibiotics became the get around for a problem that need not have been created in the first place, they are overused, resistance builds and so on.

I think ultimately that the further away we get from simply hunting and gathering the indigenous plants and animals, the more we screw the system up big time. Maybe that's a bit extreme but there's something in it.
I can actually live on the feral deer and game here and don't "farm" them at all. They just get on with it, adapted to the ecosystem over centuries. Wouldn't support a very big human population though but that's another topic.

THESE TWO PARAGRAPHS NEED TO BE HAMMERED INTO EVERY FARMERS HEAD!!!

This is exactly the kind of thing I found when I started to seriously look into having my own farm, go for profit not turnover and look at what worked when farmers didn't have a million quids worth of machinery and a fully stocked medicine cabinet.

As a new entrant into the industry this is absolutely the only way forward unless I want to be an ex-farmer. Humans not being able to see a sensible way forward when they have access to Google makes me want to scream.
I was thinking of tagging Boss in to these two post but then thought better of it as the rest of you may hunt me down :cautious::unsure::LOL:
 

Agrispeed

Member
Location
Cornwall
There could be an argument against rotating stock too much. Isn’t the threat of disease or parasites making their way onto your place increased? Perhaps there’s less profit in keeping animals longer but also less risk. The longterm animals also get the routine and are trained to your methods. Each new bunch needs to learn the ropes , and adjust socially, digestively, etc.,

From a disease and management perspective, all farms would be entirely closed. Reality is a bit different though.

Having got to stable numbers here now, and so far no recorded BVD, Johnes & IBR and Currently TB free in a hotspot, we are very much a closed herd.

That is probably one of the major downsides to being organic, there is much less ability to rotate stock, and if you sell stock, you can't necessarily buy back afterwards, coupled with Organic forage being in short supply and with a hefty price premium it does mean you can't run fully stocked.
 

Kiwi Pete

Member
Livestock Farmer
Much of the opposition we face is simply due to what we already know, or think we know - and what we think is working.
Boss is a good example but to be fair there are plenty of examples around in a similar boat - myself being one of them.

We've gone from 17 paddocks up to around 50 and seen quite a bit of difference, but struggle to even imagine 430 paddocks - just because we haven't actually seen it (here), or seen what it does, here...

So that may be tomorrow's job, yet.. we need to see some real high density grazing, as in our sort of conditions there seems to be a "tipping point" at around 250,000kg LWT/ha, where your stock go from being harvesters to something much better!
Then we can use that evidence, rather than make assumptions..

Assumptions like inputs and outputs being the driver behind management and actions, nature never spent a cent on some things that are assumed to be completely necessary.
If we can create the flexibility to (for example) have up to 200 days plant recovery, or run several different mobs at times without eating into plant recovery, then what more do we need?

200 days is an awful long time - but 200 years is still a blink in the timeframe of the natural world.
Everyone has these constraints, and is probably looking at some type of "hamster wheel"
 

Farmer Roy

Member
Arable Farmer
Location
NSW, Newstralya
ok
I haven't commented or replied to the many vegan or diet or saving the planet threads because frankly, I don't care & couldn't be bothered
saw this on FB though
if anyone wants to pick it up & run with it, share it, knock yourselves out aye
https://medium.com/@AlexHeffron88/i...a4BixRk7xkdaZJ_gdHhsW43qtNgIFx0485HxsPRDB6FKQ

It’s not WHAT you eat, it’s HOW it’s produced that matters

Alex Heffron
Jan 16

1*BfnBA2Pe3LNQfAyUoljlHA.jpeg

photo credit: Meriç Tuna https://unsplash.com/@tunagraphy
Few of us really realise that the food we’re eating today is impoverishing the soil and contributing greatly to the tragic and catastrophic loss of biodiversity — we don’t realise because most of us are far removed from the fields that were once rich in topsoil, and are now desert and dust.

This is what needs to change. We need to once again become connected to the food we eat. The real cost of cheap food has been this disconnection from reality.

Food is at the epicentre of the debate about the non-intended consequences of our actions. As a result it’s become an ideological battleground. There are all sorts of tribes within this ideological war, from vegans on one end of the extreme, to paleos on the other. But they’re kind of all missing the point, as far as I can see, though I can see the beginnings of a bigger, more important conversation about farming practice that is starting to develop. (And to keep it simple and illustrate a point I’m going to refer to vegans and paleos only, and not to the multitude of other food sects.)

Vegans will point to their evidence for why their diet is going to save us from apocalypse, and paleos the same. But we need to go beyond this largely binary argument and look at what we’re really talking about.

Vegans argue that livestock farming emits too much carbon and is linked to habitat destruction, and therefore biodiversity loss and species extinction. Both true and valid points. Paleos on the other hand argue that livestock are essential to a healthy farming system, and highlight how much of what is considered vegan is farmed in a highly destructive manner. Both true and valid points.

Vegans and paleos could keep arguing about this until the cows either do or don’t come home, depending which side wins, but I think it’s futile. Instead let’s break the binary, and see where there is common ground — because actually both sides agree with each other on one very fundamental issue.

It’s about how it’s farmed, not what is farmed.

Without wanting to admit it to each other, because primate protocol prohibits it, both sides actually agree with each other on the most important issue.

Two Examples of Bad Farming

Vegan — A typical vegan diet, if such a thing can be considered, tends to include amongst other foods, grains (wheat, corn, barley etc.) and legumes (beans and peas, mainly). Two things that most paleos don’t eat, or eat very little of.

Grains and pulses tend to be grown in mass monocultures on a continuous system of cropping, which means in practice thousands of acres of the same crop, grown in the same place, year after year, with liberal usage of pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fertiliser, and quite often plenty of ploughing (the deep turning over of the soil). This leads to a collapse of the local ecosystem, impoverishment of the soil and eutrophication of water courses, amongst other harmful effects. It also requires vast quantities of fossil fuel. It’s environmentally unsustainable, and more and more arable (grains, veg, legumes…) farmers are realising this, and pursuing change.

The deep soil that once existed to support this type of extractive farming now barely exists. This is how the vast majority of the world’s soy is grown.

Paleo — A typical paleo diet includes lots of meat and excludes grains and legumes. However, most people (including paleos) that eat meat source it from the supermarket, and the vast majority of the meat on sale comes from animals finished in feedlots. Taking beef as an example, this means that at about 9–12 months of age, once weaned, the yearling calves are sent to a feedlot to ‘finish’ for a period of 4–6 months on a diet that is high in grains and legumes. That’s the paradox. You might not be eating the grains and legumes directly, but you are still eating them, indirectly. And the feedlot itself has its own environmental footprint.

Those grains and legumes are usually grown in the same destructive manner as the grains and legumes that vegans eat. The argument that vegans use here is that it’s more efficient (in terms of land and energy) to feed those grains and legumes directly to humans. And that’s absolutely correct.

Neither system of farming is desirable, and neither diet is good for the environment, if the food is produced in this manner. It’s a lose-lose scenario.

Two Examples of Good Farming

Vegan — The grains and legumes are sourced from farms that practice no-till or low-till — ie. they don’t rely on the plough. Preferably without or with reducing use reliance on pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and artificial fertilisers. They practice a form of crop rotation to balance soil fertility. Maybe integrate livestock or manures. They sow green manures to help build fertility between crops. They’re monitoring soil carbon and working towards its yearly increase. This is perfectly sustainable.

Paleo — The ruminants (eg. sheep, cows and goats) are 100% pasture-fed. In lowland situations they’re integrated with arable farming, in upland or highland situations they’re managed in a way to support biodiversity and wildlife, be that integration with trees, or conservation grazing.

The grazing animals have access to a diverse pasture and are managed in a way that mimics their natural behaviour in the wild, such as mob grazing.

Chickens and pigs are also outdoors, and integrated within a larger farming system, but are fed grain and legumes from the sort of farms discussed in the good example above, but also a large part of their diet comes from waste and by-products.

All totally sustainable and good for the environment.

Can we support a world population of 9 billion people being vegan or paleo. I haven’t got a clue, and neither has anyone else. But most people are going to be in the middle of the two extremes, so we don’t need to worry too much about that. Let’s focus on the basics of soil health, and work from there.

These are simplistic examples used, but they work and they illustrate a point. I’ve ignored the farming of fruits and vegetables and mushrooms. But the same fundamental principles apply in all situations.

It’s possible to have almond milk that’s destructive and cow’s milk that is regenerative, and vice versa. It’s possible to have regenerative soya, and destructive meat.

We need stop focusing on what we eat, and start focusing on how the food we eat is produced. Then we can move towards a sustainable, healthy farming system that provides for all people and doesn’t destroy the planet and its inhabitants in the process. I don’t care if you’re vegan or paleo, we can all do that.
 

wurzell1976

Member
Mixed Farmer
Location
Somerset
Just received delivery of these yesterday, anyone read them?

View attachment 662368
I have a copy of Fertility farming and another book he wrote (the title escapes me).As a 21 year old just starting out on my own ,i worked on his brother"s farm ,where i kept my equipment as my family farm was no more.From about the age of 15 i read "The Farming Ladder" by Henderson and many other books of a similar ilk.At the time i regarded such books as old fashioned farming ,and realised how lucky i was owning a sprayer and a spreader ! I thank the likes of John Cherrington,Henderson and others for the inspiration i gained to go out there and get my own farm.I wish i had heeded the contents more closely .The content of many of these books is as relevant now as it was then.
 

holwellcourtfarm

Member
Livestock Farmer
ok
I haven't commented or replied to the many vegan or diet or saving the planet threads because frankly, I don't care & couldn't be bothered
saw this on FB though
if anyone wants to pick it up & run with it, share it, knock yourselves out aye
https://medium.com/@AlexHeffron88/i...a4BixRk7xkdaZJ_gdHhsW43qtNgIFx0485HxsPRDB6FKQ

It’s not WHAT you eat, it’s HOW it’s produced that matters

Alex Heffron
Jan 16

1*BfnBA2Pe3LNQfAyUoljlHA.jpeg

photo credit: Meriç Tuna https://unsplash.com/@tunagraphy
Few of us really realise that the food we’re eating today is impoverishing the soil and contributing greatly to the tragic and catastrophic loss of biodiversity — we don’t realise because most of us are far removed from the fields that were once rich in topsoil, and are now desert and dust.

This is what needs to change. We need to once again become connected to the food we eat. The real cost of cheap food has been this disconnection from reality.

Food is at the epicentre of the debate about the non-intended consequences of our actions. As a result it’s become an ideological battleground. There are all sorts of tribes within this ideological war, from vegans on one end of the extreme, to paleos on the other. But they’re kind of all missing the point, as far as I can see, though I can see the beginnings of a bigger, more important conversation about farming practice that is starting to develop. (And to keep it simple and illustrate a point I’m going to refer to vegans and paleos only, and not to the multitude of other food sects.)

Vegans will point to their evidence for why their diet is going to save us from apocalypse, and paleos the same. But we need to go beyond this largely binary argument and look at what we’re really talking about.

Vegans argue that livestock farming emits too much carbon and is linked to habitat destruction, and therefore biodiversity loss and species extinction. Both true and valid points. Paleos on the other hand argue that livestock are essential to a healthy farming system, and highlight how much of what is considered vegan is farmed in a highly destructive manner. Both true and valid points.

Vegans and paleos could keep arguing about this until the cows either do or don’t come home, depending which side wins, but I think it’s futile. Instead let’s break the binary, and see where there is common ground — because actually both sides agree with each other on one very fundamental issue.

It’s about how it’s farmed, not what is farmed.

Without wanting to admit it to each other, because primate protocol prohibits it, both sides actually agree with each other on the most important issue.

Two Examples of Bad Farming

Vegan — A typical vegan diet, if such a thing can be considered, tends to include amongst other foods, grains (wheat, corn, barley etc.) and legumes (beans and peas, mainly). Two things that most paleos don’t eat, or eat very little of.

Grains and pulses tend to be grown in mass monocultures on a continuous system of cropping, which means in practice thousands of acres of the same crop, grown in the same place, year after year, with liberal usage of pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fertiliser, and quite often plenty of ploughing (the deep turning over of the soil). This leads to a collapse of the local ecosystem, impoverishment of the soil and eutrophication of water courses, amongst other harmful effects. It also requires vast quantities of fossil fuel. It’s environmentally unsustainable, and more and more arable (grains, veg, legumes…) farmers are realising this, and pursuing change.

The deep soil that once existed to support this type of extractive farming now barely exists. This is how the vast majority of the world’s soy is grown.

Paleo — A typical paleo diet includes lots of meat and excludes grains and legumes. However, most people (including paleos) that eat meat source it from the supermarket, and the vast majority of the meat on sale comes from animals finished in feedlots. Taking beef as an example, this means that at about 9–12 months of age, once weaned, the yearling calves are sent to a feedlot to ‘finish’ for a period of 4–6 months on a diet that is high in grains and legumes. That’s the paradox. You might not be eating the grains and legumes directly, but you are still eating them, indirectly. And the feedlot itself has its own environmental footprint.

Those grains and legumes are usually grown in the same destructive manner as the grains and legumes that vegans eat. The argument that vegans use here is that it’s more efficient (in terms of land and energy) to feed those grains and legumes directly to humans. And that’s absolutely correct.

Neither system of farming is desirable, and neither diet is good for the environment, if the food is produced in this manner. It’s a lose-lose scenario.

Two Examples of Good Farming

Vegan — The grains and legumes are sourced from farms that practice no-till or low-till — ie. they don’t rely on the plough. Preferably without or with reducing use reliance on pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and artificial fertilisers. They practice a form of crop rotation to balance soil fertility. Maybe integrate livestock or manures. They sow green manures to help build fertility between crops. They’re monitoring soil carbon and working towards its yearly increase. This is perfectly sustainable.

Paleo — The ruminants (eg. sheep, cows and goats) are 100% pasture-fed. In lowland situations they’re integrated with arable farming, in upland or highland situations they’re managed in a way to support biodiversity and wildlife, be that integration with trees, or conservation grazing.

The grazing animals have access to a diverse pasture and are managed in a way that mimics their natural behaviour in the wild, such as mob grazing.

Chickens and pigs are also outdoors, and integrated within a larger farming system, but are fed grain and legumes from the sort of farms discussed in the good example above, but also a large part of their diet comes from waste and by-products.

All totally sustainable and good for the environment.

Can we support a world population of 9 billion people being vegan or paleo. I haven’t got a clue, and neither has anyone else. But most people are going to be in the middle of the two extremes, so we don’t need to worry too much about that. Let’s focus on the basics of soil health, and work from there.

These are simplistic examples used, but they work and they illustrate a point. I’ve ignored the farming of fruits and vegetables and mushrooms. But the same fundamental principles apply in all situations.

It’s possible to have almond milk that’s destructive and cow’s milk that is regenerative, and vice versa. It’s possible to have regenerative soya, and destructive meat.

We need stop focusing on what we eat, and start focusing on how the food we eat is produced. Then we can move towards a sustainable, healthy farming system that provides for all people and doesn’t destroy the planet and its inhabitants in the process. I don’t care if you’re vegan or paleo, we can all do that.
A necessary point, well made. (y)
 

wurzell1976

Member
Mixed Farmer
Location
Somerset
John Cherrington's books are well worth a read. He had an excellent way of viewing things, based on keeping it simple and shaped by the depression era that he learnt through.
I remember the first time i read "On the smell of an oily rag" ,i got so much inspiration from him.I thought if he can set up doing what he did during the depression ,so could i.However when i started up the free land had gone .J C worked hard and wasn"t interested in what the "Jones" were doing.
 

Chae1

Member
Location
Aberdeenshire
Changing the subject as usual, but what would you grow with grass, to avoid a monoculture?

We do include clover, but going on my earlier post on hard ground when ploughing up ley this is part of problem.

Normally establish grass at same time as barley undersowing it. It will get poached by cattle, no sheep.
 

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