It’s quite complicated so where to start…
In 2020 Dave Lewis (CEO Tescos) moved to a senior position at World Wildlife Fund UK (WWF). There he set to work on the WWF Basket which aims to halve the environmental impact of UK shoppers ’baskets’ by 2030. He then set about signing up the supermarkets to this pledge (I think most have now signed up).
It’s been organised in this way because if supermarkets got together to decide amongst themselves how they will deal with their suppliers, that would fall foul of rules on cartels… however if they each independently sign up to a 3rd-party pledge, then that’s fine.
Amongst other things,:
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For the past few years, the British Retail Consortium (BRC) which works on behalf of supermarkets and which is a co-owner of RT has had RT develop the GFC, apparently with almost the full support of other RT governors (principally NFU and AHDB).
To be accepted onto GFC, you have to undertake various activities which are expensive in terms of your time and money. You must undertake things such as carbon audits and biodiversity surveys (or rather pay professionals to do them for you) and probably continue to do these things annually. You’d have to undertake various activities to improve on these things year on year (this would likely mean taking some land out of production in order to meet the threshold gains). There isn’t expected to be money available for doing this- you can pay for it out of your SFI money. Any premium the supermarkets may pay initially will melt away once they get a certain number of farmers doing GFC and RT decides it’s no longer voluntary but compulsory.
RT would run GFC directly, rather than have third party inspection firms do it as with Farm Assurance. They want you to pay to generate assets then hand over that data/asset to the retailers. Carbon credits and Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) credits are tradeable commodities.
I think that covers the main points but I’m probably missing bits and certainly a lot of background detail.
For me, an absolute red line is that I refuse currently to undertake carbon auditing. The calculations can be done in a number of different ways, but the ones that count use a metric called GWP100. This compares the Global Warming Potential of different gasses in the atmosphere relative to carbon dioxide. It massively overstates the contribution of enteric (ruminant) methane to climate change. Other metrics (mainly GWP*) are available and model ruminant methane better, showing it as relatively climate neutral in a stable UK herd, but the powers that be don’t want to change because GWP 100 suits other interests better and takes the spotlight off the really big polluters.
What is GWP*? | AHDB
Explaining GWP-star, an alternative measure for calculating the impact of methane on the climate.ahdb.org.uk
excellent summary